The Genetic Code - Quadric Alphabet, Triadic Words
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The Genetic Code - Quadric Alphabet, Triadic Words

The Genetic Code

The language of an organism's characteristics is composed from three-letter words derived from a four-letter alphabet.
(a) Determine from the illustrated table, the three-letter words (code) for the principal amino acids in proteins.
(b) Which of the three-letter words in (a) means house in the Yoruba Language?

The strings: S7P2A22 (Identity - Chemical Properties).

The math:
Pj Problem of Interest is of type identity (chemical properties).

Genetic Code

(a)
Glycine (Gly); Alanine(Ala); Serine (Ser); Threonine (Thr);
Methionine (Met); Valine (Val); Leucine (Leu); Isoleucine (Ile);
Phenylalanine (Phe); Tyrosine (Tyr); Cysteine (Cys).

(b) Ile means house in the Yoruba Language
So Isoleucine is the amino acid whose code means house in the Yoruba Language.

The four letters of the alphabet and the three-letter words (code) derived from them are revealed in the illustrated table. Here they are for clearity:
U - Uracil found in ribonucleic acid (RNA) where it replaces Thymine (T).
C - Cytosine
A - Adenine
G - Guanine
These substances are bases consisting of nitrogen and carbon atoms attached to hydrogen atoms and sugar molecules.
Adenine only pairs with Thymine (AT).
Guanine only pairs with Cytosine (GC).
Adenine and Guanine are called purines (double ring structure)
Thymine and Cytosine are called Pyrimidines (single ring structure)

So from the table, Methione (Met) has the three-letter code, AuG.
To code an amino acid from the four-letter alphabet, select the letter from the first base (5'end), then from the second base and then from the third base (3' end). In other words, the lines from the letters from the first, second and third base meet at the position of the amino acid in the table.
The three codes, UAA, UAG and UGA are STOP codes. They do not represent any amino acid. They represent the termination of the translation process

Math

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